The Holy Family with Saint Anne and the Infant John the Baptist
The Holy Family with Saint Anne and the Infant John the Baptist
- Artist
- El Greco
- Also Known As
- Domenikos Theotokopoulos
- Artist Dates
- 1541-1614
- Artist Nationality
- Greek
- Title
- The Holy Family with Saint Anne and the Infant John the Baptist
- Date
- c. 1595/1600
- Medium
- oil on canvas
- Dimensions
- 53.2 x 34.4 cm (20 15/16 x 13 9/16 in)
- K Number
- K1684
- Repository
- National Gallery of Art
- Accession Number
- 1959.9.4
- Notes
-
This painting was reconstructed by the Department of Art Conservation at the University of Delaware and this process has been documented on the Kress Technical Art History Website.
Provenance
Probably in El Greco's studio at the time of his death; [1] probably his son, Jorge Manuel Theotocópuli, Toledo. [2] Carlos Beistegui, Paris and Venice. [3] Michael Dreicer [1868-1921], New York; [4] bequeathed by him in 1921 to The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, where it was displayed 1922-1933; [5] returned 1933 to Dreicer's heirs, who had challenged his will; [6] Michael Dreicer's widow, Maisie Dreicer Whyte de Kerchove [1889-1976, née Shainwald], by 1937; [7] consigned in the 1940s to (Paul Drey Gallery, New York); [8] sold or consigned 24 February 1948 to (French & Co., New York); [9] sold 7 December 1949 to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation, New York; [10] gift 1959 to NGA. [1] This seems probable because the painting appears to have been owned by the artist's son in 1621 (see note 2). Because the inventory of El Greco's estate in 1614 does not include measurements, it is difficult to identify the National Gallery painting with a specific reference in this document. However, if the painting was given the same title in 1614 as in 1621, it can probably be identified as "Una imagen, con el niño dormido y S. Joseph y Santa ana y S. Jn bautista" ("An image with the sleeping child and Saint Joseph and Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist"); Francisco de Borja de San Román y Fernández, _El Greco en Toledo_, Madrid, 1910: 192. However, as Harold E. Wethey, _El Greco and His School_, Princeton, 1962: 2:59, suggests, the National Gallery painting might have been described as "Una imagen con el Niño y s. Joseph y S. Ana no acabada ("An unfinished painting with the Child and Saint Joseph and Saint Anne"). See Francisco de Borja de San Román y Fernández, _El Greco en Toledo_, Madrid, 1910: 193. [2] No. 16 in the inventory made of his possessions in 1621 reads: "Una ymagen con su niño dormido santa ana y san Joseph y San Ju bautista, y quadro dorado, tiene de ancho casi media bara y de alto dos terzias" ("An image [of the Virgin] with the Child sleeping, Saint Anne and Saint Joseph and Saint John the Baptist, and a gilded frame, measures in width almost half a _vara_ and in height almost two-thirds"). Francisco de Borja de San Román y Fernández, "De la vida del Greco," _Archivo Español de Arte y Arqueologia_ 3 (1927): 288. Because a _vara_ (a traditional Spanish measurement) equals approximately 84 cm, no. 16 of the inventory would have been 42 cm in width and 56 cm in height. These figures are close to the measurements of the NGA painting. El Greco's other interpretations of the subject are significately larger. Compare Wethey 1962, 2:58, 59, nos. 85, 87. The copies of El Greco's other paintings of the subject are significately larger than the NGA painting. Compare Wethey 1962, 2:189-190, nos. X-105 through X-109. [3] Wethey 1962, 2:60, no. 88. According to a letter from Mrs. Wethey dated 2 August 1988, in NGA curatorial files, Beistegui was "a fabulously rich Argentinian of Spanish descent...who lived for many years in Europe" and once owned the eighteenth-century Palazzo Labia in Venice. [4] Michael Dreicer, _Collection of Michael Dreicer_, New York, no date: 4, 15. Dreicer preferred to collect exclusively small-scale paintings like the present example. See Macdonald Parish-Watson, "Art and the Businessman: A Note on the Michael Dreicer Collection," _Arts and Decoration_ 15 (1921): 249-295, 319. [5] Harry B. Wehle, "The Michael Dreicer Collection," _Bulletin of The Metropolitan Museum of Art_ 17 (1922): 100, 103; Bryson Burroughs, _Catalogue of Paintings: The Metropolitan Museum of Art_, New York, 1931: 145, no. G791-2. [6] Colin Eisler, _Paintings from the Samuel H. Kress Collection: European Schools Excluding Italian_, Oxford, 1977: 202, no. 1527. [7] M. Legendre and A. Hartmann, _Domenikos Theotokopoulos Called El Greco_, Paris, 1937: 144, where the painting's owner is identified as "private collection, London." This individual and the European collector resident in New York (see n. 8), was very likely Michael Dreicer's widow, Maisie Shainwald Dreicer, who, after her first husband's death, traveled frequently between New York and Europe. Born Maisie Seville Shainwald, she married twice more, first, in 1923, to the British engineer and naval architect, Jardine Bell Whyte (1880-1954), and second, after their divorce, in February 1935 to Baron René de Kerchove d'Exaerde (1883-1971), author of _International Maritime Dictionary_, first published in 1948. After her third marriage she was known as the Baroness de Kerchove. Dr. Tara Mitchell Mielnik, of the Metropolitan Historical Commission in Nashville, kindly shared her research about the Baroness; see her e-mail of 24 September 2010, in NGA curatorial files. [8] Robert Carlucci of the Paul Drey Gallery, letter of 4 August 1988, NGA curatorial files, wrote that the painting was owned during the early 1940's by a European collector resident in New York, who still owned it in 1947, and who consigned it to the Paul Drey Gallery "for some period of time." See n. 7. [9] French & Co. stock records at the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, stock no. 79690A. A sizeable group of paintings from the Baroness was recorded in the French & Co. stockbooks in 1948. French & Co. sent the painting out to the Paul Drey Gallery in May 1948; no date of return is recorded. [10] French & Co. stock records at the Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles.